The Subjectivity Of Experience Can Be Accounted For...

In this paper, I will discuss whether the subjectivity of experience can be accounted for adequately with a functionalist theory. By defining mental contents in terms of their causal roles, phenomenological experience is no longer confined to a private realm, but can be specified by counterfactual statements that are intelligible to others. In this paper, I argue that the subjectivity of experience cannot be completely characterized by language with a functionalist theory by examining the meanings of language and the contents of mental states. I conclude that a functionalist theory can only provide an approximate sketch of the major features of subjective experience while leaving subtle details out of the picture. Functionalism is a view†¦show more content†¦Hence, phenomenological mental states can also be specified by its causal role and thus become public. In this way, with functionalism, mental states are defined by their causal roles, which leaves no trace of introspectivist residue. However, in more complicated cases, my mental states can be affected by more than one factors, which eventually causes a mere disposition in me to certain actions rather than performing that action. If severe pain makes me want to scream, yet I believe that screaming in public is inappropriate, I will endure the discomfort and act like a normal person. In this case, although my mental state of being in pain is private, it is not essentially private, and can be made public by language. I can hide my misery; nonetheless, the moment when I say â€Å"I am in pain,† my mental state becomes public, because the meaning of pain is shared by others. Hence, with a functionalist theory of mental content and the usage of language, the subjectivity of personal experience can be disclosed. It must be granted that meanings of terms are a public property; otherwise, communication will become an impossible project. However, whether the subjectivity of personal experience can be fully accounted for remains questionable. The meaning of a word is defined by its sense and reference jointly. The object to which a word refers determines what it essentially signifies, while the way that the word represents the object determines how it will be used in

Bureaucracy Bureaucracy And Bureaucracy Essay - 1320 Words

Bureaucracy role in everyday business People working together in compatible ways by defining everyone’s roles within a hierarchy organizations is a definition of bureaucracy. In examination of bureaucracy the author will find the definition, the advantages and disadvantages and will use the Police Departments in America as an example of bureaucracy and will display its characteristics of bureaucracy. It can be argued that there’s more disadvantages then advantage to using bureaucracy. Research indicates that bureaucracy can lead to powerless, unsatisfied and unhappy employees. Research indicated that bureaucracy is a way of directorially establishing big numbers of people who need to work together. Organizations in the public and private sector, including universities and governments, rely on bureaucracies to function. The term bureaucracy literally means â€Å"rule by desks or offices,† a definition that highlights the often-impersonal character of bureaucracies. Even though bureaucracies som etimes seem inefficient or uneconomical, setting up a bureaucracy helps ensure that thousands of people work together in likeminded ways by defining everyone’s roles within a hierarchy. Government bureaucrats perform a large variety of tasks. We often think of bureaucrats as paper-pushing desk clerks, but bureaucrats teach, and monitor how federal candidates raise money, among other activities. The job of a bureaucrat is to apply government policy, to take the laws and decisionsShow MoreRelatedBureaucracy And Bureaucracies1714 Words   |  7 Pages1) Bureaucracy exists to organize states and keep them working as efficiently as possible. Max Weber claims that bureaucracies are the most efficient form of organization due to control, hierarchy, and predictability. Bureaucracies are created to give authority and power over others, specialize in certain tasks, and restrict individuals through regulations and laws. However, as Kettl makes it clear that this organization is not eas y to maintain. According to Kettl, it is important to for citizensRead MoreBureaucracy1409 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT Bureaucracy is all about the rules and regulations to manage a particular activity in the organization. This paper is about how bureaucracy used in old organizations and how it affected the processes of new organizations. It explains how bureaucracy is not applicable in today’s business environment because of many facts. As years went through there was a drastic change in the operations of the organisation. The concern moved from organization to customer service, so the bureaucratic organizationsRead MoreWeber s Bureaucracy And The Bureaucracy1008 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Weber all bureaucracies must have a clear chain of command. This means that there must be an understanding amongst the workers that there is a chain of appeal that they must go through within a bureaucracy to file a grievance or make a suggestion. Within a bureaucracy the areas of jurisdiction are delaminated, meaning that an agency only has authority over the agency they are managing. The institu tion also has power over not only the citizens and officials, but they also own the workersRead MoreBureaucracy Is An Efficient System Bureaucracy1715 Words   |  7 Pagesonce said This passion for bureaucracy ... is enough to drive one to despair. It s as if in politics...we were deliberately to become men who need order and nothing but order (www.goodreads.com). Max Weber brings attention to the consequences of bureaucracy. Although bureaucracy is an efficient system that allows maximum production to occur, bureaucracy has resulted in the loss of individualism and is particularly undemocratic. In public administration, bureaucracy plays a major role in howRead MoreThe Bureaucracy Of The United States Bureaucracy1594 Words   |  7 PagesPA can be seen as a as a dense twist of organizations and branches of government which need to relate to each other in order to serve the public needs of the society. Bureaucracy, as a result, is the internal engine of each public branch of go vernment which coordinate and organize through rules and in a hierarchical way, all the administrators, as to provide an efficient system which is able to satisfy all the public demand of goods and services. However, most of the time it is subject to ridiculeRead MoreFederal Bureaucracy849 Words   |  4 PagesFederal Bureaucracy – to what Extent does the President have Control of it? When the framers of the Constitution developed our government, they gave Congress the authority to create the departments necessary to carry out the day-to-day responsibilities of governing - the federal bureaucracy. 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Woll views the bureaucracy as the center of governmental power because agencies exercise legislative, judicial, and executive functions, and because of how strongly administration and politics are intertwined. Woll argues that contrary to popular thought, the President and Congress have infrequent control over the administrative process. Agencies make definite decisions that carry out vague policy initiated in Congress or by the President. Agencies also offer expert advice and are receptive toRead MoreEssay on Bureaucracy416 Words   |  2 PagesBureaucracy The word â€Å"bureaucracy† has a negative connotation to many people. The fact is that our current system of government would not be able to survive without bureaucracies. The bureaucracy has become the â€Å"fourth branch† of the government, it has quasi-legislative and judicial powers and in it’s own field its authority is rarely challenged. The presence of these large, inefficient structures is necessary if the American people want to continue receiving the benefits that they expectRead MoreThe Classic Conception Of A Bureaucracy851 Words   |  4 PagesA bureaucracy is defined as the complex structure of offices, tasks, rules, and principles of organization that are employed by all large-scale institutions to coordinate effectively the work of their personnel. The classic conception of a bureaucracy was advanced by Max Weber, a German sociologist, who argued that the bureaucracy was a â€Å"rational† way for a modern society to conduct business. As Americans, we rely heavily on the structure and function of bureaucracies. From the most mundane to ornate

The Chocolate War Lucifer Effect Essay Example For Students

The Chocolate War Lucifer Effect Essay 1.Robert Cormier wrote The Chocolate War. The copyright of the book is 1974. 2.In the exposition of The Chocolate War, Jerry Renault, the freshman quarterback, was receiving constant blows from opposing players. Jerry was trying to get the ball to his receiver, the Goober, but not having any luck. In The Chocolate War, the rising action was the majority of the story. At Trinity High School, the school that Jerry attends, there is a group of elite students called the Vigils. The Vigils give out assignments to random students at Trinity. Archie, the head, told the Goober that his assignment was to unscrew every screw in Room nineteen. The Goober spent several hours doing his assignment, and eventually finished with the assistance of a few Vigil members. As the story goes on, the reader learns that every year at Trinity, there is a chocolate sale run by the assistant head master, Brother Leon. The last major detail in the rising action was when Archie informed Jerry of his assignment, Jerrys assignment was not to sell chocolates for the first ten days of the annual chocolate sale. The climax of the novel was on the eleventh day of the chocolate sale when Jerry was supposed to start selling the chocolates but he didnt. As a result of Jerry not selling any chocolates, the other students sales began to plummet during the falling action of the story. Brother Leon began to feel nervous and had to go to Archie and the Vigils for help. Incredibly, the Vigils turned the whole school against Jerry and made selling chocolates the cool thing. Students began to look down upon Jerry for not conforming to the chocolate sale tradition. Someone even vandalized Jerrys locker and cut up his gym sneakers. A group of boys, including Emile Janza, one of the biggest bullies at Trinity, jumped Jerry after football practice and abused Jerrys body with their fists and football cleats. The Chocolate War didnt have a happy ending, but there was a resolution in the story. Archie set up a boxing match, of all things, between Jerry Renault and Emile Janza. Emile ended up beating Jerry to a bloody pulp in a matter of minutes, while Jerry landed only three punches the entire match. As a result Jerry finally learned that he couldnt beat the system, and that hed be better off doing what his authorities instructed him to do. 3.The main conflict of The Chocolate War comes from Jerry Renault wanting to be different. The conflict involves Jerry, who doesnt want to sell the chocolates, and Brother Leon and Archie who want him to sell the chocolates. I would consider this conflict to be external human conflict. 4.The story doesnt actually state a certain time period in which the story takes place, but Id say the story takes place in the late seventies or the early eighties. Most of the story takes place at Trinity High School in a town that the author doesnt reveal. 5.Jerry Renault, the protagonist in The Chocolate War, is a brave and caring young man. He proved himself to be brave by standing up to the vigils like no other student had, and agreeing to be in the boxing bout knowing his chances of winning were slim to none. Jerry always felt sorry for his dad whose wife had died, and he always was trying to cheer up his best friend, the Goober, who had a low self-esteem. Both of these acts make Jerry a character with whom the reader empathizes. 6.The main antagonist was Archie Castello. Archie is a cold-hearted selfish individual. By forcing students to do the assignments that they didnt want to do and making the Goober cry, Archie proved himself to be very cold-hearted. Archie using Emile in the boxing match so he didnt have to get beat up and taking all the credit for the chocolate sales proved Archie to be quite selfish. 7.Jerry agreed to fight in a boxing match knowing that he didnt have much of a chance because he didnt want to be like a coward and he didnt like getting pushed around. 8.The Chocolate War was told from about a dozen characters points of view. This point of view would be third person omniscient. Had the author chosen to tell the story from just one point of view, I wouldnt have been aware of so many details only made available through a third person omniscient point of view. .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .postImageUrl , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:hover , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:visited , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:active { border:0!important; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:active , .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061 .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7c92273f667e57622a58dbecbc855061:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Mentor's Last Words Essay9.The mood of The Chocolate War is sorrow. The author makes the reader feel sorry for Jerry when he gets beat up on two occasions. Neither time was for a very good reason. I felt sorry for the Goober when he was crying after receiving his assignment. 10. The theme of The Chocolate War was, dont mess with the authorities. Jerry tried to stand up to Leon, Archie, and the Vigils by not selling chocolates. He was successful for a few days, but he couldnt hold his own when it came to battling his authorities in the chocolate war. 11.I did enjoy The Chocolate War because its main character was a freshman boy just like I am. I didnt understand why the leaders of Trinity High School allowed the Vigils to exist. Some of the content of the book was a little graphic for a high school level when the author used several sexual terms. My favorite character in The Chocolate War was Jerry because he stood up for what he believed in. Even after he was beaten up, he still refused to sell the chocolates. I thought the title was fitting to the story because there really was a chocolate war.

Macbeth, Lady Macbeths Character Change Throughout the Play. free essay sample

Macbeth is a play written by the famous playwright, William Shakespeare in 1606. This play was set in Scotland and features a variety of characters and themes. Shakespeare’s Macbeth illustrates two ordinary nobles whose lives are linked in a spiral of power and greed. Lady Macbeth’s character changes throughout the play. This essay will show her changes seen during the play. We are introduced to Lady Macbeth when she receives a letter from her husband, Macbeth.The letter includes the meeting with 3 witches when he was on his way back to castle Foress. The witches greet Macbeth by his current title, Thane of Glamis, they then make two prophecies. The first prophecy is that his new title will be the Thane of Cawdor and the second is that he will become king. Soon after they meet, he is given the new title Thane of Cawdor. Lady Macbeth decides that she will do everything in her power to make him king. We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth, Lady Macbeths Character Change Throughout the Play. or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Lady Macbeth becomes extremely irrational from the beginning of the play to the end.She pictures herself as a ruthlessness person and believes she can handle the evil that comes along with murder and deception. At the beginning of the play Lady Macbeth is seen as a dominant, controlling, heartless wife with an obsession to become royalty for her and her husband. Although she is supposed to be ruthless, her husband sees her as a good person that knows what is right. Even here we begin to see that Lady Macbeth has a very unstable mind. She knows that Macbeth is a strong person and she must be stronger to convince him to go along with her. She pretends to be a determined and odd character which distances her and Macbeth from each other. At the beginning of the play Lady Macbeth believes Macbeth doesn’t have the â€Å"spirit† to â€Å"catch the nearest way†. Lady Macbeth intentionally tries to ignore the consequences of her deeds and instead plots to make sure Macbeth is the future king of Scotland. King Duncan decides to make a surprise appearance at Macbeth house; they then plot to murder him.Lady Macbeth tells her husband to put the plan in motion, this shows her change in technique from being persuasive to being more intimidating and almost blackmailing Macbeth. The drive she had that made Macbeth do what she felt needed to be done is growing weaker. By the end of the play Lady Macbeth has lost self confidence by realising that most of the situation is her fault because she was so obsessed with power and greed. When Lady Macbeth starts to really feel guilty, everything collapses, including her husband. She then goes completely crazy and starts leepwalking. During her sleepwalking scene she shows remorse for the people she has hurt as she â€Å"takes on to her own soul† the blame of all the murders committed, even the ones she had nothing to do with. In conclusion, Lady Macbeth’s character slowly falls apart because of the fact that her strength is a lie, she tries to control her husband and she is involved in supernatural powers. Her want for an intimidating personality ended in her morals being destroyed. She is therefore seen as a fiend and I agree with this finding.

How a Cabinet Toe Kick Enhances Kitchen Ergonomics

How a Cabinet Toe Kick Enhances Kitchen Ergonomics A Matter of Ergonomics Ergonomics is the study of human efficiency and comfort in a working or living environment. Ergonomics is of great concern in the workplace, but it is also an issue in residential construction, where dozens of different design standards are aimed at making the rooms of a home more comfortable and safer for family members.   Home ergonomics is of particular concern in the kitchen, since this is a primary workplace and a space where people spend a great deal of time. Apart from the kitchen work triangle,  the toe kick space beneath base cabinets may be one of the most important  ergonomic elements in your kitchen design. The importance of the toe kick space in base cabinets holds for cabinets in other locations, as wellsuch as bathrooms, laundries and home offices.   What is a Toe Kick? A toe kick is a notch-shaped recess at the bottom front of a base cabinet.  It provides a recess for your feet so you can get slightly closes to the countertop. This improves your balance,and also reduces the fatigue that would result if you were forced to reach across a countertop to work. Without a toe kick, users typically find themselves standing well back from a base cabinet in order to avoid stubbing the toes, a posture that leads to leaning over and putting considerable strain on the back, shoulders and arms. Working in this way is quite uncomfortable and can lead to chronic pain and posture issues.   The answer is a very simple design alteration - a small notch at the bottom of the cabinet that allows you to move slightly closer to the countertop. The toe kick is typically only 3 inches deep and about 3 1/2 inches high, yet it makes a huge difference in the comfort of using your countertop. Although toe kicks are not required by building codes, they are a traditional design standard followed by manufacturers and tradesmen. As a result, you will find toe kicks on virtually every factory-manufactured cabinet sold, and woodworkers or carpenters building custom cabinetry will always follow typical design standards for the shape and size of toe kicks in base cabinets.

Play Analysis - Sample Essay of Man and Superman

Play Analysis - Sample Essay of Man and Superman The comedy Man and Superman depicts a microcosm of English convention in the early 20th century. It is an adaptation of the Don Juan epic touching on the philosophy of Nietzsche’s ubermensch. The play’s social commentary is strongly influenced by these topics, but it contains undertones that speak to a more specific topic on the implementation of social revolution. Framed in this way, the play is a platform for concepts embodied in the socialist rhetoric of the Fabian Society. During the late 19th Century and Early 20th century, George Bernard Shaw was an active member often using his dramatic works as a vessel by which he could communicate his political views. In the setting of Man and Superman, Shaw uses the metamorphosis of the protagonist as a metaphor for the type of social revolution sought by the Fabian Society. The Character Jack Tanner Jack Tanner is an unconventional character at a time when convention dictated action. He is wealthy, middle-aged, and unattached. As a confirmed bachelor, he preaches free love and constantly decries the institution of marriage. Most notably he is the author of The Revolutionist’s Handbook. This book details opinions on many controversial topics from the overthrowing of governments to the role of women in the daily life. The type of person that he represents is not readily accepted by his peers. In the eyes of Roebuck Ramsden, Jack Tanner is initially viewed in a negative light. Ramsden describes Tanner’s book as â€Å"the most infamous, the most scandalous, the most mischievous, the most black guardly book that ever escaped burning at the hands of the common hangman† (337). Ramsdens views are significant. He is an older gentleman that holds an important position in society. He is introduced as, â€Å"more than a highly respectable man: he is marked out as a president of highly respectable men† (333). It is therefore not unreasonable to think that the views of Ramsden might also be the views held by other important gentlemen in society. Ramsden’s views are shared by like-minded characters in the play. After defending Violet for the circumstances in which she is having a child, Tanner finds himself apologizing to her. Violet says, â€Å"I hope you will be more careful in the future about the things you say. Of course one does not take them seriously; but they are very disagreeable, and rather in bad taste† (376). Regardless of her own motivations at that time, she wanted nothing to do with Tanner’s support. This is in stark contrast to the reception one typically gets as a lone defender. How Tanner Views Himself These reactions to Tanner are generated from the way in which Tanner views himself. He says to Ann, â€Å"I have become a reformer, and like all reformers, an iconoclast. I no longer break cucumber frames and burn gorse bushes: I shatter creeds and demolish idols† (367). This is an extreme stance from which to approach life. It is understandable then that people might be offended, or even threatened, by what he represents. Tanner is unrealistic in his ideas on how to change society. In order to affect these changes in a direct manner, one would truly have to be a superman. Were Tanner to be an ubermensch by the definition of Nietzsche, it is conceivable that he might have been able to pull off a social revolution without subtlety. The main characteristic of the ubermensch is that he/she acts in accordance with his or her desires. However, he repeatedly demonstrates that this is not the case. He is conflicted over his feelings for Ann. Even though he claims that he disliked her, he somehow always attends to her. He claims to be an intellectual but is corrected by his chauffer when quoting Beaumarchais. He freely admits he is a slave to the car and his chauffeur by extension. He admits that he is intimidated by women and needs protection from at least one, namely Ann. Though he gives a long-winded diatribe to Ramsden that claims is almost without shame and almost never regrets his actions, he clearly contradicts himself. Tanner Dreams He Is Don Juan In the third act, Tanner dreams he is Don Juan, choosing whether he belongs in heaven or hell. Of course, this is the Shaw version of Heaven and hell rather than the traditional version in which the Devil punishes the wicked. Don Juan describes Heaven as a place in which â€Å"you live and work instead of playing and pretending. You face things as they are; you escape nothing but glamour, and your steadfastness and your peril are your glory† (436). If hell is a place in which you don’t face reality, then that has a clear connection to the state Jack Tanner finds himself in at the beginning of the third act. He is shirking responsibility in his personal life as well as avoiding the feelings he has for Ann. Choosing the Life Hes Been Avoiding In choosing to go to heaven at the end of the third act, Jack Tanner subconsciously chooses the life he has been avoiding. This is the life that accepts Ann. This is also the life that does not avoid convention but embraces it. Heaven is a place where one contemplates the true nature of the universe. In this case, Jack chooses to contemplate the true nature of his world rather than live an existence only concerned with self-gratification. Here again, Ramsden’s view of Tanner is significant. When Tanner has professed his love for Ann at the end of the play, Ramsden is congratulatory. He says, â€Å"you are a happy man, Jack Tanner, I envy you† (506). This is the first such supportive remark offered by Ramsden. Until this point, they had remained at odds with each other. Tanner’s engagement to Ann probably suggests he has a reasonable nature. Since Ramsden is an influential person, this changed view of Tanner will extend to Ramsden’s sphere of influence. In this light, Tanner has the opportunity to be a much more influential person. We have a clear example of the effectiveness of this kind of man in Ramsden. Ramsden was appalled to hear that Tanner considered him, â€Å"an old man with obsolete ideas† (341), but Ramsden was just like Tanner in his youth. He says to Octavius, â€Å"I have stood for equality and liberty of conscience while they were trucking to the Church and to the aristocracy. Whitefield and I lost chance after chance through our advanced opinions† (339). In his day, his opinions were advanced enough to lose him favor in eyes of his contemporaries. Mendoza, an acquaintance they met in Spain, reported that Ramsden, â€Å"used to supper with several different ladies† (471). This is something Ramsden staunchly disagreed with in Tanner’s personal life. It is clear that a change occurred in Ramsden. It must also be true that a change occurred in society in order for a man with such radical opinions to become a man of honor. This suggests that Tanner evolved in the same way that Ramsden did. Their views became milder as did their lifestyles. This is similar to the method of affecting change that was espoused by the Fabian Society. The Fabian Society was and still is a socialist organization that encourages the advancement of socialist principles through gradual rather than revolutionary means. Here, it is implied that Ramsden and now Tanner became more effective at advancing their own principles after adopting their milder lifestyles. Construction Cumbers the Ground... When he says, â€Å"construction cumbers the ground with institutions made by busybodies. Destruction clears it and gives us breather space and liberty† (367), Tanner did not realize that these words would apply to his own circumstance. His old life, which he thought was liberated, was actually holding him back. It was only in the destruction of that life that he was able to liberate himself. The taming of his radical nature caused his influence to expand. The Fabian Society believed that the destruction of state-created national, political, and moral character. Tanner’s change is a metaphor for this creation of a character. Tanner believed he had strong moral passion, but this passion was undirected. Instead, he had the foundation for a strong moral character. In submitting to Ann and accepting the traditional Victorian lifestyle, he gained a springboard from which to extend his social ideas. In so doing, he developed a stronger moral fiber, the moral fiber of a leader rather than an eccentric.

Advertisements to Compare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertisements to Compare - Essay Example Currently, advertising can be regarded as a public relation, marketing, communication, information and persuasion process. The Olay and Tropez ads have very convincing messages to the consumers. For instance, ‘you color, your life.’ It emphasizes the importance of maintaining a good natural skin color. There are numerous kinds of adverts, for instance adverts appearing on billboard posters, ‘junk’ mail, football teams, television, radio, and social media. These advertisements channels usually make a lot of revenue since adverts are typically paid for. Both Olay and Tropez adverts are aimed at promoting cosmetic products and appeared on print media and television. They both use pictures of women who have appear beautiful according to their skin color after applying the lotions. This is true to the beauty and fashion industry which is mostly associated with women. Both ads have the pictures of a fair skin woman who has been made to look more beautiful by applying the Olay and Tropez lotions which have made to have that natural look. This easily convinces the customers that if they use the products they would be like the pictured women. This shows the practicality of using the products. Both adverts have the major points that they want the customers to focus on as soon as you have a look at them. Additionally, both adverts also contain a visual trick which makes you to start thinking about skin color, this in turn gains more attention from the reader. Lastly, the adverts contain the company logo located at very conspicuous position which makes the customer to easily identify the brand. The brand name Olay has been at the bottom of the advert so as the customers can associate the product and the brand name. On the contrary, Tropez ad has the brand name at the top of the advert. Another difference between the two ads is that Olay has a conspicuous precautionary message for the

International Sales Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

International Sales - Term Paper Example The study would focus upon the gaming console industry as the product to be marketed and sold in the Indian consumer market. The choice of nation assumes significance considering the fact that it s considered among the fastest growing economies of the world with a large number of potential consumers. The future chapters would be devoted towards creating a framework for the market entry strategy of the firm in the Indian consumer market. Market Analysis India represents one of the fastest growing consumer markets in the twenty first century. A research conducted by the global consultancy states that the size of the Indian consumer market is like to expand by approximately four times its present value and is likely to be the fifth biggest consumer market by the year 2025. The majority (approximately 68 percent) of this growth would take place in the urban areas. A research report conducted by Nielsen places the nation in the first slot in a survey conducted on consumer confidence. It i s perhaps for this reason that the nation is witnessing increased private equity participation as well as mergers and acquisitions (IBEF, 2010). The growth of the consumer markets can also be related to the burgeoning economy of the nation. India is presently accredited as one of the fastest growing economies with high growth rates. An increased investment has enhanced the consumption levels of in the citizens of the nations as they have reported higher levels of disposable income. This has led to an increase in the demand for goods and services which reflects large scale opportunities for organizations especially those operating from the Western world. New locations are important for these organizations as the present and traditional markets of Europe and North... The essay "International Sales" provides an empirical analysis of the aspect of international expansion and is devoted towards creating a framework for the market entry strategy of the firm in the Indian consumer market. India represents one of the fastest growing consumer markets in the twenty-first century. A research conducted by the global consultancy states that the size of the Indian consumer market is like to expand by approximately four times its present value and is likely to be the fifth-biggest consumer market by the year 2025. The majority of this growth would take place in the urban areas. A research report conducted by Nielsen places the nation in the first slot in a survey conducted upon consumer confidence. It is perhaps for this reason that the nation is witnessing increased private equity participation as well as mergers and acquisitions. The growth of the consumer markets can also be related to the burgeoning economy of the nation. India is presently accredited as one of the fastest growing economies with high growth rates. An increased investment has enhanced the consumption levels of in the citizens of the nations as they have reported higher levels of disposable income. This has led to an increase in the demand for goods and services which reflect large-scale opportunities for organizations especially those operating from the Western world. New locations are important for these organizations as the present and traditional markets of Europe and North America have been saturated.

Slides Marketing Presentation Starbucks Essay Example for Free

Slides Marketing Presentation Starbucks Essay You should know this, because you are all part of the target group of starbucks. The target group of starbucks are young urban adults (approximately 18-45 year olds) coffee consumers in the capital area. This targeting would concentrate on consumers that value spending time in coffee stores that offer a relaxing and comfortable atmosphere. They are not only interested in grabbing a cup of coffee but also would like to enjoy the Starbucks experience. For this they would be willing to spend a little over the average price for specialty coffees. Therefore the target segment would mainly concern young adults (approximately 18-45 year olds) that have regular incomes. Marketing should be focused on reaching youth customers with varying tastes and interests. Starbucks strives to provide excellent service and along with its large variety of products the comfortable atmosphere that Starbucks’ stores have, also offers young adults the chance to sit down and relax if they wish. The lifestyle of urban young adults is also typically fairly hectic, which suits Starbucks’ coffee-to-go culture. Slide 3: As we know it is more expensive to attract new customers than it is to retain current ones. Starbucks knows this and this fact confirms it. How do they do this? We’ll get into this during the presentation. Slide 15: One of the principles of Starbucks is to recognize that profitability is essential to their future success. They want to achieve this goal, by reinventing its food menu. The assumption is that its loyal fans are willing to pay top-dollar for a cup of coffee, so they must be able to afford a snack or lunch on the side. Food contributed about 22% of Starbucks’s same-store sales growth in the U.S. in the latest quarter, with the help of new items like salad bowls. The company is focusing on productivity through new products and a very important expansion through the grocery channel, where they are making great strides with K-Cups and other products that give their brand a presence in consumers’ homes. So basically, their goal in the future is to achieve a bigger market share worldwide and create a bigger profitability.

Uptian Sinclair And Socialism Essay -- essays research papers

Upton Sinclair and Socialism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socialism has always been hard for me to understand. I never really grasped the concept of it until I read the book The Jungle and began to research for this paper. Before I begin I would like to go through a condensed version of the history of Socialism. It was founded in 1901 in Indianapolis, Indiana. Two groups came together to form the Socialists, the Social Democratic Party and the â€Å"Kangaroo† wing of the older Socialist Labor Party. These parties contained mostly immigrant workers from big cities (Jurgis from The Jungle was one such fictional worker). The new party expanded and included every type of extremist. They stood on the motto of â€Å"reform vs. revolution† and focused mainly on the labor union’s, â€Å"this included the concepts of revolution by education and of ‘building the new society within the shell of it’s old.’   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1912 they had elected two members of Congress and more than seventy mayors. The most members it every attained at this time was 100,000 and even had a presidential candidate, Eugene Debs, who received almost a million votes. However soon the party began to have internal problems due to diverse ideologies. During the war half did not believe in the war and half believed in Stalin and his Communist ways, therefore, the party split.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The party had become weak and did not enter a political candidate for the presidential election. However, once the Great Depression began the Socialist party took a turn back to full tilt and gained strength. It ran Norman Thomas as their Presidential Candidate. He never won but continued to run, loosing votes every time he ran. Finally in 1948 with only 80,000 votes Thomas declared, â€Å"a Socialist presidential race was a futile effort and an utter waste of the party’s resources.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This warning was pushed aside and the party ran Darlington Hoopes in 1952. He received merely 20,203 votes and in the next election he received only a woeful 2,126 votes in the race of 1956. The Socialist Party in this nation had come to a crashing final end in terms of elections. It now only had an underdeveloped 2,000 members nationwide. In 1960, the first time since 1924 the Socialist party did not enter a presidential candidate on the ballot.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was at th... ...d writer believed in the power of Socialism during the times on the late 1800’s to the mid 1970’s. It was felt that it was the only true way to end the â€Å" army of the unemployed†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sinclair may have not been a great writer in terms of structure or the use of symbolism . He was more interested in politics rather than the inner reaches of a man’s mind. His character’s lacked development beyond a static figure. He had no formal education as a writer and except for The Jungle he is hardly remembered at all and has no bearing on modern writers. He simply attempted to make literature functional and express his ideals concerning Socialism and perhaps persuade a few younger members to join. He seemingly failed to grasp the concept of literature in a whole â€Å"reveals life as complex and difficult to fathom†. He merely wanted to simplify it. In spite of all this, he remains a mystery, an enigma to critics the world round. â€Å"Even within a larger realization of his literary weaknesses and intellectual ambivalences, and taking into account even his blindness to racial oppression, Sinclairs’s commitment to social justice commands respect.† Uptian Sinclair And Socialism Essay -- essays research papers Upton Sinclair and Socialism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Socialism has always been hard for me to understand. I never really grasped the concept of it until I read the book The Jungle and began to research for this paper. Before I begin I would like to go through a condensed version of the history of Socialism. It was founded in 1901 in Indianapolis, Indiana. Two groups came together to form the Socialists, the Social Democratic Party and the â€Å"Kangaroo† wing of the older Socialist Labor Party. These parties contained mostly immigrant workers from big cities (Jurgis from The Jungle was one such fictional worker). The new party expanded and included every type of extremist. They stood on the motto of â€Å"reform vs. revolution† and focused mainly on the labor union’s, â€Å"this included the concepts of revolution by education and of ‘building the new society within the shell of it’s old.’   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1912 they had elected two members of Congress and more than seventy mayors. The most members it every attained at this time was 100,000 and even had a presidential candidate, Eugene Debs, who received almost a million votes. However soon the party began to have internal problems due to diverse ideologies. During the war half did not believe in the war and half believed in Stalin and his Communist ways, therefore, the party split.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The party had become weak and did not enter a political candidate for the presidential election. However, once the Great Depression began the Socialist party took a turn back to full tilt and gained strength. It ran Norman Thomas as their Presidential Candidate. He never won but continued to run, loosing votes every time he ran. Finally in 1948 with only 80,000 votes Thomas declared, â€Å"a Socialist presidential race was a futile effort and an utter waste of the party’s resources.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This warning was pushed aside and the party ran Darlington Hoopes in 1952. He received merely 20,203 votes and in the next election he received only a woeful 2,126 votes in the race of 1956. The Socialist Party in this nation had come to a crashing final end in terms of elections. It now only had an underdeveloped 2,000 members nationwide. In 1960, the first time since 1924 the Socialist party did not enter a presidential candidate on the ballot.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was at th... ...d writer believed in the power of Socialism during the times on the late 1800’s to the mid 1970’s. It was felt that it was the only true way to end the â€Å" army of the unemployed†.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sinclair may have not been a great writer in terms of structure or the use of symbolism . He was more interested in politics rather than the inner reaches of a man’s mind. His character’s lacked development beyond a static figure. He had no formal education as a writer and except for The Jungle he is hardly remembered at all and has no bearing on modern writers. He simply attempted to make literature functional and express his ideals concerning Socialism and perhaps persuade a few younger members to join. He seemingly failed to grasp the concept of literature in a whole â€Å"reveals life as complex and difficult to fathom†. He merely wanted to simplify it. In spite of all this, he remains a mystery, an enigma to critics the world round. â€Å"Even within a larger realization of his literary weaknesses and intellectual ambivalences, and taking into account even his blindness to racial oppression, Sinclairs’s commitment to social justice commands respect.†

Pain and Passion

Pain and Passion was a strong topic. The class was divided into pairs to take a 50-minute lesson linking with pain and passion. Two drama techniques had to be introduced. After each lesson a five minute debrief took place. We were given two lessons of preparation time and had to work to a time plan. I knew it would take a lot of effort to run a lesson. I chose a topical issue sparking off lots of strong opinions. My lesson was about abortion. I felt it tied in well with pain and passion. The pain being a child's life was at risk due to the night of passion. I wasn't first to lead the class so I listened attentively to what criticism was put forward during the debrief. I learnt from other's mistakes. One of the things I found was that a lesson should be expressed through different scenarios, keeping the class's attention. I set the scene with a young couple, Sarah and Jake, who were in a crisis. The crisis being, should have an abortion or not. The first part of my timeplan was explaining the situation and then asking the class to show, what state of mind Sarah was in. The ideas were to be expressed through stylistic drama using one drama technique or more. In other lessons more time was spent on planning helping to produce good drama pieces from the class. I decided to have more time spent on planning rather than performing. The second part consisted of what if Sarah had the abortion or didn't. In each scenario there had to be a good and bad side. The good side of having or not having the abortion was to be shown through dream sequence and the bad side of having or not having the abortion shown through nightmare sequence. I thought I planned my lesson well considering I was on my own. I wasn't prepared for the lesson I took the class. I had forgotten my watch and my partner was away leaving me to be the teacher. One improvement can be to go over my planning strategies. I relaxed and addressed the class with a BBC accent! The first piece of drama was on Sarah's state of mind. The class planned their pieces quite well but the pieces were short giving me more time. One group had only four people. Many people think more people in a group make a better drama piece. This group proved it wrong. The drama piece was very distinctive. The other groups showed one feeling throughout their drama. This play showed how Sarah was happy at the thought of being a mother and sad at the thought of having a child to bring up. As the teacher I was able to see abortion through other people's eyes. Each student had a major role to play especially Maria as Sarah. It's really hard to change expressions every second but she made it look so easy. Everyone got involved and this boosted my confidence as a teacher to see that they were enjoying the lesson. The other half of the lesson went perfectly. The class had to use the drama techniques I set, dream and nightmare sequence. Everyone performed well due to good planning. Scarlet's group did a nightmare sequence about Sarah's life with a baby. It was a negative outlook on having children. There were strong ideas expressed throughout the play. The audience was able to see how having a baby at a young age was stressing and sometimes left with no financial or emotional support. It was an excellent piece of drama. I think I showed good teaching skills. I was quite patient but I felt it was quite difficult to keep the class quiet even when raising my voice. I went round to see if there were any problems and keeping track of time, which is a vital part of teaching. One of the hardest things was the way I had to address the class. I had to step out of the role of a friend and step in as a teacher. When it came to commenting on a drama piece I had to use ‘excellent' rather than ‘wicked'. The lesson was very packed with things to do and this put off a few students from working. In future I would slow everything down slightly. Apart from that everything went according to plan. Rochelle and Yasmins lesson was very valuable. Rochelle explained everything whilst Yasmin organised the lesson. Yasmin is normally the quieter one but in her lesson she was very confident. Their topic was about war. War is probably what the news is all about. There is so much of it, people are forgetting about those in need. The main theme of the lesson was we should be grateful for how well off we are and think about others before worrying over small problems. The lesson began with a piece about a boy escaping from war to a new area. I took on the main role as the boy. We were playing basketball when I got the ball and everyone was telling me to shoot. We used flashbacks to show how the boy was told in his homeland to kill his own flesh and blood. We were showing the pressures of war. I was very enthusiastic about everything. Next we did hotseating. We questioned people part of the army in Africa. We asked why many boys were forced to go to war. It sparked a lot of debating. Rochelle and Yasmin were good teachers. I enjoyed myself whilst I was learning. They were role models for good teachers. I think being a teacher was a worthwhile experience. Sometimes we forget to realise what teachers do to provide good education. This topic was a good way to see that teaching is not as easy as it may look. It takes a lot of hard work and 100% commitment. Through this topic I have more respect for teachers.

Discussion of High Tech Architecture

Give a description of the work of one of the undermentioned interior decorators: James Stirling ; Norman Foster ; Ettore Sottsass ; Richard Rogers ; David Hicks ; Philippe Starck. High Tech appeared in the mid-thirtiess, Gallic designers Jean Orouve and Pierre Chareau, used High Tech to plan house, when High Tech was architecture design tendencies. In the mid-thirtiess, Industry was common, bring forth more metal, so High Tech manner utilizing really metal stuff to concept. In 1779, the first Fe span in England River Severn, it is a metal construction. High Tech popular earlier built the Fe span. High Tech have five points, about the characteristics and elements of the manner. First, High Tech have mechanical and structural aesthetics, emphasizes logic, procedures, machinery and equipment, engineering and construction. And it has mobility, for illustration emphasizes the construct of extrasensory, more lightweight and flexible, ‘exoskeleton consequence ‘ . Second, it has ocular effects. Third, it have High Tech stuffs, it utilizing smooth metal, transparent glass and crystalline minerals, to do cool feeling in the architecture, chief colour is white, grey and black, for illustration Yoyogi National Gymnasium and Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank. Fourth, High Tech accent on industrial engineering, transparent and translucent, and do more new thoughts, to accomplish height of engineering in high tech manner. Last, High Tech created new design thoughts, for illustration it break the restrictions of the column and wall, mesh grid, glass contemplation and transmittal, and o pen construction. High Tech architectures are ‘energy-saving architecture ‘ . Because it is environmentally friendly, the architectures wall is glass, the visible radiation can easy travel to indoor. Renzo Piano, Jean Nouvel, Richard Rogers, Helmut Jahn, Jean Nouvel, Santiago Calatrava and James Stirling, they use High Tech to plan and build their plants. Norman Foster is high tech ‘s representative designer and interior decorator excessively. Norman Foster was born 1 June 1935 in England Manchester. When he was 21 old ages old, he graduated Manchester University School of Architecture and City Planning in 1961, so he won Yale University scholarships and studied Master of Architecture. Next, he married Wendy Cheesman who is designer, in 1964. Norman Foster constituted Foster Associates ( Foster + Partners ) with his married woman Wendy Cheesman and eight working spouses in 1967. Foster Associates ( Foster + Partners ) is a building company in London, England. Foster + Partners founded in 1967. The president is Norman Foster and the main executive officer is Mouzhan Majidi. Foster + Partners completed many major undertakings, it has ten parts those maestro programs, Bridgess, authorities edifice, cultural edifice, higher instruction edifice, athletics land, transit, office, leisure installing, and house. First for maestro programs, Foster + Partners planned Duisburg Inner Harbour in Germany ( 1991-2003 ) , Trafalgar Square Redevelopment in London ( 1996-2003 ) , West Kowloon Cultural District in Hong Kong ( 2009 ) and so no. Second for Bridgess, they constructed and designed Western Arsta Bridge Arstabroarna in Sweden ( 1994/2005 ) , Millennium Bridge in London ( 1999/2002 ) , and Millau Viaduct ( 2004 ) ; it was the highest route span in the universe. Third for authorities edifice, they constructed London City Hall ( 2002 ) , New Supreme Court Building in Singapore ( 2005 ) , and reconstruct Reichstag edifice in Berlin ( 1999 ) . Fourth for cultural edifice, they constructed and intentional Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts at University of East Anglia in Norwich, in UK ( 1978 ) , renovation of the Queen Elizabeth II Great Court of the British Museum ( 2000 ) , and extension to Lenbachhaus art museum, Munich ( 2013 ) . Fifth for higher instruction edifice, for illustration Kings Nort on Library in UK Cranfield University ( 1994 ) , Cambridge Faculty of Law in UK ( 1995 ) , British Library of Political and Economic Science in UK London School of Economics ( 1993-2001 ) . Then, Foster + Partners constructed and designed Lusail Iconic Stadium in Qatar ( 2010 ) , and reconstruct Wembley Stadium ( 2007 ) . Seventh for transit, it had Stansted Airport in UK ( 1991 ) , Canary Wharf Underground Station in London ( 1999 ) , Spaceport America in New Mexico ( 2005-2013 ) . Eighth for office, it had London Citigroup Centre in UK ( 1996-2000 ) , Hearst Tower in New York City ( 2006 ) , Caja Madrid in Spain Madrid ( 2002-2009 ) . Ninth for leisure installing, it had The Great Glashouse National Botanic Garden of Wales in UK Wales ( 1995-2000 ) , Elephant House of Copenhagen Zoo in Denmark ( 2002-2008 ) , Faustino Winery Bodegas Faustino in Spain Castilla Y Leon ( 2007-2010 ) . Tenth for house, it had The Murezzan in Switzerland St Moritz ( 2003-2007 ) , Regent Place in Australia Sydney ( 2003-2007 ) , Jameson House in Canada Vancouver ( 2004-2011 ) . Norman Foster has many architectural accomplishments, for illustration he is ex-vice president of the Architectural Association, external councilors of the Royal Architectural Association ( RIBA ) , councilor of the Royal College of Art in London, member of the Royal Society of Arts in London, honorary member of the American Institute of Architects and so on. Norman Foster won 190 awards and more than 50 international competitions. He was awarded The RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1983, Japan Association for International Design Award in 1987, the RIBA legal guardians medal in 1990 and Gold Medal of the AIA in 1994. In 1999, he won The 21st Pritzker Architecture Awards, and was awarded the rubric of ‘Lord ‘ by the Queen, so we could name him Lord Norman Foster. Willis Faber Dumas Offices in 1974, Sainsbury Centre for the Visual Arts in 1976, Hong Kong and Shanghai Bank in 1979, Airport Terminal in 1980, Museum of Modern Art in 1983, Kings Cross Redevelopment in 1988, 30 St. Mary Axe in 2003 and so on. There were High Tech manner architecture by Norman Foster. On the other manus, Norman Foster has many celebrated plants, for illustration Reliance Control Factory in 1966, Original Drawings in 1978, Whitworth Art Gallery in 1984, Institute francais vitamin D rchitecture in 1986 and Royal Academy of Arts in 1986. In add-on to, Furniture appeared High Tech, for illustration tabular arraies, chairs, beds. Adreas Weber, Bruce Burdick and Norman Foster used High Tech to plan tabular arraies and work tables, those are unstained steel and glass. Hermann Muller desgined Aeron Office Chair, that is High Tech manner and biotechnologies. Norman Foster did non make High Tech, but he was influential in architecture and design. Norman Foster made High Tech that became common. In add-on, many interior decorators will utilize High Tech in interior design, because it has five good points. First, High Tech utilizing smooth metal, to do cool feeling. Second, High Tech has mechanical and structural aesthetics, to do modern. Third, High Tech chief colour is white, grey and black, does non impact the interior decorator and to do modern. Fourth, High Tech utilizing crystalline glass, it can increase interior sense of infinite, and visible radiation can easy travel to indoor. Fifth, inside can utilize High Tech furniture for illustration tabular arraies, chairs, and beds. In decision, Norman Foster do non merely lending to architecture, he contribute design, for illustration interior design and furniture design. Beginning hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ad.ntust.edu.tw/grad/think/PEOPLE/FOSTER/FOSTER.HTM hypertext transfer protocol: //tw.streetvoice.com/wchlc156/articles/249952/ hypertext transfer protocol: //miko750808.pixnet.net/blog/post/30724354-a ­a?†°- ( a ·?a? ®?†? ) -aZ?e «?c §Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ?Sˆa »?c?†°aa? °ca? °a?ˆ hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Foster, _Baron_Foster_of_Thames_Bank hypertext transfer protocol: //cforum.cari.com.my/forum.php? mod=viewthread & A ; tid=421131 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.archinfo.com.tw/public/p02.aspx hypertext transfer protocol: //tw.knowledge.yahoo.com/question/question? qid=1206040807154

The Important Internet Properties In Marketing Information Technology Essay Essay Example

The Important Internet Properties In Marketing Information Technology Essay Essay Example The Important Internet Properties In Marketing Information Technology Essay Essay The Important Internet Properties In Marketing Information Technology Essay Essay Harmonizing to the research, 530 million users are linking to the cyberspace which is about 8.5 % of planetary population. Today we see most of the company utilize the cyberspace to make their client as extra channel to their existing traditional selling. In the yesteryear, a manner for the company to acquire client feedback is thru telephone and electronic mail. But now they can acquire their client feedback thru cyberspace immediately. Thus company today must alter their schemes to get by with internet impact on their selling schemes. Internet is all about spots non atoms, all the information, merchandises, and communicating in digital can be stored, sent and received immediately. For seller, the traditional selling to make client by utilizing physical shops and catalogue while utilizing internet advertisement will be more effectual. Task Automation besides one of the cyberspace belongingss that affect selling. For illustration, self service online that makes machine-controlled dealing and payment online possible besides make operational cost lower for the company. Internet besides had bought with it the interceding engineering. Social web, music file sharing and concern partnership can be formed irrespective of geographical location. It s besides has extinguish the boundaries and distance in this on-line universe. And eventually, clip moderateness is where client have high outlook to the company on communicating facet. Customer want their job and issues be solved rapidly and at that place come client services section in the company to cover with it. What concerns about consumer privateness are raised by the increased usage of radio computer science and hand-held devices outside the place or workplace? The rapid used of wireless web engineering outside the place and wokplace has resulted in addition concern over their privateness. Consumer now can entree the radio web site and service through assorted device such as nomadic phone, smart phone, PDA and their two manner wireless. The common privateness concerns are location-base aggregation, tracking visit to website and increased of personal informations aggregation by unauthorised party. There are possible utilizations of location based information by unauthorised party in wireless infinite. This is because consumer specific location can be tracked whenever the consumer radio device is on. This information is highly sensitive and can be used and provides chances for maltreatment of the information. Another privateness concern is tracking utilizing cooky as consumer browse forms on the radio cyberspace being monitored and traced by single. Wireless device tend to be strongly tied to an person more than computing machine as people are less likely shared their device with other so there is possible user being tracked in radio web more than normal web site. Wireless content is often most valuable to client when it is personalized. Businesss may seek to roll up big sum of extremely personal information for used in personalization. Abuse by companies, jurisprudence enforcement bureau and civil litigator are possible maltreater of this information. How will societal media and consumer-generated content alteration the manner sellers operate? Explain Social media and consumer-generated content such as Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, Wikipedia etc has changed the selling universe to certain extend. They represent low-priced tools that are used to unite engineering and societal interaction with the usage of words. Nowadays marketer need to alter their method from seeking to sell to link with client. In order to alter the client relationships from seeking to sell to seeking to prosecute and link with clients, sellers need to utilize assorted methods, including sites like Facebook and Twitter to socially interact with their client. Sellers have to gain that alternatively of merely trusting on large runs they have to do reliable, helpful relationships and communicating the new run. They need to use the societal media platform as their personal broadcast medium web because people will necessarily portion such experiences through the societal web. Its will be on-line mouth-to oral cavity advertisement run for sellers. Social media besides allows sellers to construct their ain sole online communities built around industry subjects, specific involvement, or organisations. Through this sole community ability they can pull off their client within their ain gross revenues informations. In bend, leting seller to message their full community as proprietor of the community. It is observed that the planetary Internet has driven manners, gustatory sensations and merchandises to meet and make a more homogenous, planetary market place, and making an on-line monoculture. Explain the observation. From my point of position, the observation is about planetary small town where universe s civilization shrinkage and spread outing at the same clip due to permeant technological progresss i.e. cyberspace that allow for instantaneous sharing of civilization. On the Internet, physical distance is even less to the real-time communicative activities of people, and hence societal domains are greatly expanded by the openness of the web and the easiness at which people can seek for on-line communities and interact with others that portion the same involvements and concerns. Due to the enhanced velocity of communicating online and the ability of people to read about, spread, and respond to planetary intelligence really quickly. This is because the cyberspace Bridgess clip and infinite, people will come together in a big planetary small town. Internet is now yearss one of those platform where one can hold any necessity of life at place while he/ she is sitting in forepart of the computing machine. Everybody will happen concern proprietors from the universe who are running their concern from their place holding a room and a personal computing machine. Concept of concern is now yearss come oning quickly among the concern communities. The merchandises offered by concern proprietors are non limited merely to the specific parts but cyberspace has opened the doors of planetary small town for every concern proprietors.

Biography of Spartacus, a Slave Who Led a Revolt

Biography of Spartacus, a Slave Who Led a Revolt Spartacus (approximately 100–71 BCE), was a gladiator from Thrace who led a major revolt against Rome. Little is known about this fighting slave from Thrace beyond his role in the spectacular revolt that became known as the Third Servile War (73–71 BCE). Sources agree, however, that Spartacus had once fought for Rome as a legionnaire and was enslaved and sold to become a gladiator. In 73 BCE, he and a group of fellow gladiators rioted and escaped. The 78 men who followed him swelled to an army of more than 70,000, which terrified the citizens of Rome as it plundered Italy from Rome to Thurii in present-day Calabria. Fast Facts: Spartacus Known For: Leading a slave revolt against the Roman governmentBorn: Exact date unknown but believed around 100 BCE in ThraceEducation: Gladiatorial school in Capua, north of NaplesDied: Believed in 71 BCE at Rhenium Early Life While little is known about Spartacuss early life, it is believed that he was born in Thrace (in the Balkans). It is likely that he actually served in the Roman Army, though it is unclear why he left. Spartacus, perhaps a captive of a Roman legion and perhaps a former auxiliary himself, was sold in 73 BCE into the service of Lentulus Batiates, a man who taught at a ludus for gladiators in Capua, 20 miles from Mount Vesuvius in Campania. Spartacus trained at the gladiatorial school in Capua. Spartacus the Gladiator In the same year that he was sold, Spartacus and two Gallic gladiators led a riot at the school. Of the 200 slaves at the ludus, 78 men escaped, using kitchen tools as weapons. In the streets, they found wagons of gladiatorial weapons and confiscated them. Now armed, they easily defeated the soldiers who tried stopping them. Stealing military-grade weapons, they set out south to Mount Vesuvius. Three Gallic slaves- Crixus, Oenomaus, and Castus- became, along with Spartacus, the leaders of the band. Seizing a defensive position in the mountains near Vesuvius, they attracted thousands of slaves from the countryside- 70,000 men, with another 50,000 women and children in tow. Early Success The slave rebellion happened at a moment when Romes legions were abroad. Her greatest generals, the consuls Lucius Licinius Lucullus and Marcus Aurelius Cotta, were attending to the subjugation of the Eastern kingdom of Bithynia, a recent addition to the republic. The raids carried out in the Campanian countryside by Spartacus men fell to local officials to mediate. These praetors, including Gaius Claudius Glaber and Publius Varinius, underestimated the training and ingenuity of the slave fighters. Glaber thought he could lay siege to the slave redoubt at Vesuvius, but the slaves dramatically rappelled down the mountainside with ropes fashioned from vines, outflanked Glabers force, and destroyed it. By the winter of 72 BCE, the successes of the slave army alarmed Rome to the degree that consular armies were raised to deal with the threat. Crassus Assumes Control Marcus Licinius Crassus was elected praetor and headed to Picenum to put an end to the Spartacan revolt with 10 legions, some 32,000 to 48,000 trained Roman fighters, plus auxiliary units. Crassus correctly assumed the slaves would head north to the Alps and positioned most of his men to block this escape. Meanwhile, he sent his lieutenant Mummius and two new legions south to pressure the slaves to move north. Mummius had been explicitly instructed not to fight a pitched battle. He had ideas of his own, however, and when he engaged the slaves in battle, he suffered defeat. Spartacus routed Mummius and his legions. They lost not only men and their arms, but later, when they returned to their commander, the survivors suffered the ultimate Roman military punishment- decimation, by order of Crassus. The men were divided into groups of 10 and then drew lots. The unlucky one in 10 was then killed. Meanwhile, Spartacus turned around and headed toward Sicily, planning to escape on pirate ships, not knowing that the pirates had already sailed away. At the Isthmus of Bruttium, Crassus built a wall to block Spartacus escape. When the slaves tried to break through, the Romans fought back and killed about 12,000 of the slaves. Death Spartacus learned that Crassus troops were to be reinforced by another Roman army under Pompey, brought back from Spain. In desperation, he and his slaves fled north, with Crassus at their heels. Spartacus escape route was blocked at Brundisium by a third Roman force recalled from Macedonia. There was nothing left for Spartacus to do but to try to beat Crassus army in battle. The Spartacans were quickly surrounded and butchered, although many men escaped into the mountains. Only 1,000 Romans died. Six thousand of the fleeing slaves were captured by Crassus troops and crucified along the Appian Way, from Capua to Rome. Spartacus body was not found. Because Pompey performed the mopping-up operations, he, and not Crassus, got credit for suppressing the rebellion. The Third Servile War would become a chapter in the struggle between these two great Romans. Both returned to Rome and refused to disband their armies; the two were elected consul in 70 BCE. Legacy Popular culture, including the 1960 film by Stanley Kubrick, has cast the revolt led by Spartacus in political tones as a rebuke to slavery in the Roman republic. There is no historical material to support this interpretation, nor is it known whether Spartacus intended for his force to escape Italy for freedom in their homelands, as Plutarch maintains. The historians Appian and Florian wrote that Spartacus intended to march on the capital itself. Despite the atrocities committed by Spartacus forces and the splintering of his host after disagreements among the leaders, the Third Servile War inspired revolutions successful and unsuccessful throughout history, including Toussaint Louvertures march for Haitian independence. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Spartacus.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 22 Mar. 2018. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Third Servile War.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica, Inc., 7 Dec. 2017. â€Å"History - Spartacus.† BBC.

Genetically modified foods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Genetically modified foods - Essay Example How GM food production is likely to affect health, environment, and ecology at large. Annotated Bibliography Chen, Li; Lee, Dong; Song, Zhi; Suh, Hak; Lu, Bao. â€Å"Gene flow from cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) to its weedy and wild relatives†. (2004). Annals of Botany, 93, 67–73. Authors are researchers at reputed universities at South Korea and China. The article describes how outcrossing could lead to undesired transfer of genes to non-target crops and culminate into a new issue with unknown results creating long-term ecological consequences. Authors strongly recommended that while growing GM foods an isolation zone must be established to prevent outcrossing. The experiments were conducted with rice at two places in China and South Korea. The resource is valuable in the sense that gene transfer technology should be used with caution. â€Å"Food Standards Agency†. GM Crops and Foods: Follow-up to the Food Matters Report by Defra and the FSA. Web. 9 June 2013 h ttp://www.food.gov.uk/multimedia/pdfs/foodmattergmreport.pdf Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Food Standards Agency have prepared a report on matters of food security pertaining to GM crops and foods. The report highlights how delayed approvals from EU for GM crops could impact availability of animal feed for livestock. The report informs about current EU position and how GM foods are regulated and its likely implications for consumers. The report is important to understand the EU stand in reference to the GM foods for animal feed purposes. â€Å"Friends of the Earth†. Could GM foods cause allergies? Web 2006. 9 June 2013 http://www.foe.co.uk/resource/briefings/gm_alergies.pdf The site based at the UK closely follows environment concerns in relation to various issues including GM foods. In the published article, it has been stated that it is important to check GM food for immune system response otherwise it could be lethal for those who consume it. The a uthors strongly recommend that unless acceptable methods are available for detection of allergenicity, no GM crop should be given approval. The site certainly gives information how GM foods could be detrimental to the health of people. â€Å"GeneWatch UK†. GM crops and Foods in Britain and Europe. Web. 9 June 2013 http://www.genewatch.org/sub-568547 The GeneWatch is the UK based not-for-profit organization aims at investigating impact of genetic science and technologies on health, food, agriculture, society and environment. The site strongly believes that public must be made aware how genetic technologies could cause impact in their life. The site discusses various pros and cons related to GM foods providing a very good insight on this issue. â€Å"GM crops and Food Security†. House of Parliament. Web 2011. 9 June 2013 www.parliament.uk/briefing-papers/post-pn-386.pdf House of Parliament is assigned with the task of providing balanced and independent analysis of all ma tters that has the basis in science and technology. Accordingly, the article discusses how GM technique can provide food security in Europe highlighting its impact on environment. The article also describes about the possibilities of producing drought tolerant and herbicide resistant wheat to benefit from this technology. The sight can provide balanced information on the issue of GM foods and crops. Lindqvist, Anna and Verba, Terra. Golden Rice and other

Welding Metals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Welding Metals - Essay Example (www.wikipedia.org). A weld is defined as a blend or coalescence of two or more metals by heating then until they reach a critical temperature and flow together. The piece of metal to be welded is called the base metal, work piece, or work. The edges of the base metal are often specially prepared for welding by, for example, machining, shearing, or gouging. There are five basic weld joints: butt, lap, corner, "T," and edge. The American Welding Society has developed a system of symbols that are added to mechanical drawings, to convey precisely how a welding site should be prepared, what type of weld should be made, and any other considerations. Arc welding is a very popular method of joining metal together for many different applications. It is the processes of joining metal together through fusion which is done by the electric Arc, by electrical current (Arc 1994).An electric arc between the electrode and the work piece generates heat. Sufficient heat is generated to melt the pieces together. The arc reaches temperatures of around 6,000 degrees Celsius which is concentrated at the tip of the electrode (Weldwell 2003). The range of welding current used varies from 5 to 500 amps. The voltage ranges from 20 to 30 volts. The current can be either AC or DC. The type of current is dependent on material thickness. The electrodes have a metal core surround by flux, which melts with the work piece creating a fusion weld. The flux coating forms a gas and slag that shields the molting metal pool. This flux materialis cleaned off once the weld has cooled with a wire brush. The weld should be as strong or stronger then the metal that i t is fusing together. There are four common types of welding namely Stick or SMAW(Shielded Metal Arc Welding) Mig or GMAW(Gas Metal Arc Welding) Tig or GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding). Flux-Core or FCAW (Flux Core Arc Welding). Shielded metal arc welding or stick welding is one of the most commonly used types of welding. (Repp 1994).this is because it is one of the easiest methods and the equipment used is inexpensive. It is used in mobile welding due to its ease of portability. In this process the flux covering the electrode melts during welding. Due to this gas and slag are formed that form a protective layer around the molten weld pool. The slag is chipped off the weld bead after welding. The flux provides a method of adding scavengers, deoxidizers, and alloying elements to the weld metal. Advantages The equipment is simple, inexpensive and portable. It has a moderate welding speed. This process is flexible i.e. in order to tackle different tasks, metals and thickness change of rods or welding parameters is sufficient. Flux provides excellent cleaning action in cases where weld metal preparation is less than ideal (rust, scale, dirt, etc.). It is less sensitive to wind and drifts. Discontinuities Considering the weld discontinuities stick welding suffers from undercut where a groove melted into the base metal adjacent to the weld toe or weld root and left unfilled by weld metal. Secondly it suffers from incomplete fusion i.e. a weld discontinuity in which fusion does not occur between weld metal and fusion faces or adjoining weld beads. Other discontinuities include porosity of the weld formed, cracks and slag inclusions in the weld. Problems The main problem concerning stick welding is Arc Blow. It is a problem that exists with most electric welding processes. It is caused by the preferential magnetic fields developed near the arc. These are most often caused by the arc current ground path or in the

Volunteer Turnover of a Sporting Club Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Volunteer Turnover of a Sporting Club - Essay Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that football has successfully outmaneuvered many other team sports, such as ice hockey, basketball or handball, and has been accepted as the number one sport with regard to media attention and audience reception worldwide. The non-profit organization makes arrangements for the conducting of sports in order to generate money for some charitable purposes. Since these sports events are not conducted with any profit motifs behind them, volunteers are invited to participate in them for the recreation of the public on the one hand, and for some noble social cause on the other. Consequently, players, spectators and staff members attend the sporting club as regular participants and generate huge donations for the club. Since the staff and workforce play most important part in the development of an organization, decline in the volunteer turnover is really startling for the CEO, who has to make quick action in respect of exploring the reasons behind t he decrease in volunteer turnover. For this purpose, he should conduct interviews from the volunteers in order to extract the reasons behind their leaving the voluntary organization. The first question included in the interview would be decline in their interest as volunteers. The main reason behind asking the very question is the exploration of the causes that drift the fresh graduates away from the organization. The answer could be low salary, less growth opportunities and low social status as well. It is therefore the graduates will feel proud and delighted to work at Microsoft Corporation, but will not demonstrate any enthusiasm while working at the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, though both are owned by the same person. Macionis states that the non-profit organizations provide limited growth and exposure opportunities, which are not attractive and fascinating for the youth. Another important reason behind leaving the non-profit organization is this that all staff members wo rk against almost the same positions, and there are very dismal chances of promotion and salary increase. Thirdly, the voluntary clubs require very hard efforts from the staff members in order to generate money from different contacts and sectors on the on hand, and to keep the ball of struggle rolling for the social welfare purposes on the other. Somehow, in order to retain the volunteers at the sporting club, the CEO will highlight the benefits of the welfare and development of society. He will infuse new spark of hope and courage in them by stating that they are the distinguished individuals that would bring positive changes and revolutionary alterations within their social establishment by dint of their innate talent, hard work and dedication to the noble cause. The CEO will also reveal the benefits of sports and games, which keep the society healthy, vigorous and efficient. In addition, he will encourage them by stating that they are accomplishing the Herculean task by promotin g sports and recreation on charity basis, which will earn name, fame and respect for them for the future years to come.

Collection of Reflective Statements

Collection of Reflective Statements Amruth Ganesh One of the famous Australian cricketer the world has seen is Ricky Thomas Ponting. He was captain of Australian cricket team. He captained test cricket between 2004 and 2011 and One day international cricket between the period 2002 and 2011. He is famous for his batting skills and is a right handed batsman. He is the 42nd Test captain of the country (http://www.espncricinfo.com Ricky Ponting). Under his captainship Australia won world cups in 2003 and 2007. He was also the part of 1999 world cup match. Ponting started playing cricket from an early age and made his debut in 1992 for Tasmania. In 1995 made his debut in one day international match. It is not only batting skills he is famous for but also fielding and his aggressive captaincy. He is the only person who showed eagerness to lead the team when Australia was in search of replacement for the legendary captain Steve Waugh in 1994. He is famous for his series of achievements. He has won Allan Border Medal four times (http://www.edubilla.com Ricky Ponting). He is one of the four players who have scored 13000 test runs in the history. He is the only cricketer who has bagged most test victories (48 out of 77 tests) and world cup as a captain. His Concentration on the game was amazing and never used to get distracted. Though his temperament was high during the matches, he was successful in managing his team. In 2012, Ponting announced his retirement from test cricket one day before the test against South Africa. He played his last one day international match on February 2012 and his last test cricket on December 2012. He will always be remembered as the most successful captain of all the time. References: Ricky Ponting Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] List of Ricky Pontings achievements and statistics Available at: http://www.gutenberg.us/articles/list_of_ricky_pontings_achievements_and_statistics [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Most successful captain, but not much love for Ponting Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Reflection Essay 2: Workplace Culture I am from India. I have worked in India for about 3 years after graduation before coming to Australia for post graduation. I can now make out some of the noticeable changes comparing both countries in terms of workplace culture. In Australia more preference is given to balanced work life irrespective of the jobs. The average working hours per week varies around 40 hours (http://www.abs.gov.au Trends in hours worked). While in India we work for minimum 48 hours per week and sometimes it will go up to till 55 hours. Hierarchy structure in India varies from job to job and is pretty high when compared to Australia. Staying back late in the office is common in India. In Australia they maintain strict timings and usually people wont make it late to the office and rarely they stay back late in the evenings (https://www.canstar.com.au What is Australias working culture like?). The breaks given during office hours are less in Australia when compared to India where we get more break timings. The main policy which fascinated me the more is about dignity of labor here in Australia. No work is less; no work is more, is the motto here. All occupations are treated equally here where whereas in India prominence is not given that much to the dignity of labor. This is one of the main barrier that is hindering the work productivity. Usually people are respected based on type of occupation and sometimes people think twice before doing the jobs like drivers, waiters and house help. On the whole, both countries have their own set of workplace culture. Changing the work style of a country and adapting to it takes time. These work policies should be reviewed from time to time to ensure smooth work life balance. References: Available at: Australia culture in the workplace Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Cultural Differences between India and Australia Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Reflection essay 3: The evolution of social media channels Social media is mainly a public platform to interact and connect with people through web-based technology. Social media channels contribute majorly in exchange of ideas between the people. Some of the examples are Facebook, Whatsapp, LinkedIn, Twitter, Youtube and so on. Today LinkedIn has more than 297 million members (http://www.digitaltrends.com The history of social networking). Communication between the people has become more convenient nowadays through these channels when compared to earlier times. Earlier it was more tedious process to connect with people more often. The evolution of social media has made a significant impact in the recent days. It has changed the way the people communicate with each other. These channels has become boon to marketing people. Marketing in these channels are free and reaches more people globally when compared to old traditional methods. Movie promotions go viral on these channels.   Its a good platform for new talents to showcase their skills. One of major benefit of these channels are exposure to more job opportunities and searching job has been made easier through these channels. The Sensis Social media report shows that 50 percent of users are accessing social media every day (http://www.shortpress.com How the evolution of social media has changed Australian small business). On the other hand there is significant number of drawbacks for these channels. Cyber bullying in the recent times have been increased and adults are more likely to get affected by this. More addiction to this social media will likely cause depression among people. Trolling and harassment cases have also been increasing. Hacking has become another major problem these days. There is considerable amount of threat if these channels are not used properly. Social media has become part of our life now. This has both advantages disadvantages. We always should be looking forward to make best out of this. We should not get addicted to this and should make proper use of these channels. References: 5 Social-Media Opportunities Businesses Mostly Overlook Available at:    [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Social media best practice for business Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] 7 Social Media Challenges And Business Opportunities For Social Media Managers Available at: [Accessed 04 Mar. 2017] Reflection essay (Workshop 2) In Week 2 class professor explained about the importance of communication skill. I learnt how useful communication is, in exchanging ideas and information from one another which helps us to grow personally and also professionally. I also learnt about three different types of communication that is verbal, nonverbal and graphic communication. There are two types of communication in the workplace namely formal and Informal way of communication. Also I learnt when and where to use this particular type of communication.   During this, one guy in the class raised a question that whether gender needs to considered as a part of communication, later which professor clarified by saying it needs to be considered. Professor also taught about types of nonverbal messages and classification of nonverbal communication. Main pillars of the constructive and effective communication are Ask, Look and Listen. One more important thing I learnt is listening is more important than speaking because we receive information when we listen. Professor stressed more on Active listening which is necessary to become an effective communicator and it also encourages the person on the other side. Also came to know about the listening funnel, forms of questioning and also types of questions. Professor made us understand the importance of seven elements of communication process and different causes for communication barriers. Social networking platforms play an important role in communication. I understood the need of behaving ethically while business communication. Overall the session was more interacting one and professor encouraged each and everyone to actively participate in the learning and discussion. Also professor allowed us to discuss on case studies and guided us about assignments. Case Study 1: 1.  Bernie has to apologize to Nicola for not appreciating the work she has done. He must assure her this wont be repeated again in the future and should convince her to continue working. He should ask here to be bold enough in raising her questions and clarifying them, so that it will be easy to resolve the conflicts. 2.  I would suggest Bernie to have more frequent interaction with Nicola and should try to understand her concerns regarding the work. He should avoid thanking her when she is alone instead he should appreciate her work in front of everyone and should also contribute by helping her in the work, which makes Nicola more confident and will be happy to continue work with him. 3.  Nicola should first listen with open mind while she is being instructed and should ask whatever doubts she has and must clarify at the end before starting up the work. She should stop talking to herself and start raising concerns if she is feeling something is not going right. This way she can work with clear mind and will be more confident. Q2: 1. Maintain eye contact with speaker Ensure correct posture Be attentive and dont get distracted Keep an open mind Respond appropriately Dont interrupt or suggest in the middle Use mirroring of some facial expression of the speaker Ask relevant questions Try to feel what speaker is feeling Summarize back to the speaker Give feedback to the speaker 2. Verbal signals Nonverbal signals Remembering Eye contact Question and answer Handshake Giving feedback Gestures Summarizing in the end Dressing Being attentive Facial expression 3.  In a workplace my active listening skill will show that I am a good listener and it also shows my interest towards the work. It makes an impression that I am respecting my co-workers and also helps me in gaining their trust. It also helps in solving the conflicts between one another by encouraging them to speak openly. It gives better insight in understanding the problems and thus enabling me to provide best and suitable solutions to it. It helps me in noting down few points regarding what happened in meeting and thus helps me gain better understanding and remember them, so that feedback can be given and questions can be raised at the end of the meeting.

Othello: Themes Essay -- Othello essays

Othello: Themes  Ã‚        Ã‚   How many themes course through the Shakespearean tragedy Othello? Let us in this essay analyze the variety and depth of the themes in this play.    Lily B. Campbell in Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes indicates that hate is the theme on which this play opens:    It is then on a theme of hate that the play opens. It is a hate of inveterate anger. It is a hate that is bound up with envy. Othello has preferred to be his lieutenant a military theorist, one Michael Cassio, over the experienced soldier Iago, to whom has fallen instead the post of â€Å"his Moorship’s ancient†. Roderigo questions Iago:    Thou told’st me thou didst hold him in thy hate.    And the reply is a torrent of proof of the hatred for Othello that has almost exceeded the envy of Cassio because he possesses the prize which Iago has sought to obtain for himself. (153)    Is hatred the only theme in the work? Hardly. Campbell categorizes Othello as a â€Å"study in jealousy†:    Othello has suffered less in its modern interpretation than any other of Shakespeare’s tragedies, it would seem. So insistently did Shakespeare keep this tragedy unified about the theme of jealousy and the central victims of the passion, so obviously did he mould his plot about the black Moor and the cunning Iago and the victims of their jealousy that no interpreter has been able to ignore the obvious intention of the author. Yet if we study the contemporary interpretations of the passion here portrayed, we find that Shakespeare was following in detail a broader and more significant analysis of the passion than has in modern days been understood. The play is, however, clearly a study in jealousy and in jealousy as it affects those of ... ...are: Four Tragedies. New York: Bantam Books, 1980.    Campbell, Lily B. Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes. New York: Barnes and Noble, Inc., 1970.    Ferguson, Francis. â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Gardner, Helen. â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from â€Å"The Noble Moor.† British Academy Lectures, no. 9, 1955.    Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.          Othello: Themes Essay -- Othello essays Othello: Themes  Ã‚        Ã‚   How many themes course through the Shakespearean tragedy Othello? Let us in this essay analyze the variety and depth of the themes in this play.    Lily B. Campbell in Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes indicates that hate is the theme on which this play opens:    It is then on a theme of hate that the play opens. It is a hate of inveterate anger. It is a hate that is bound up with envy. Othello has preferred to be his lieutenant a military theorist, one Michael Cassio, over the experienced soldier Iago, to whom has fallen instead the post of â€Å"his Moorship’s ancient†. Roderigo questions Iago:    Thou told’st me thou didst hold him in thy hate.    And the reply is a torrent of proof of the hatred for Othello that has almost exceeded the envy of Cassio because he possesses the prize which Iago has sought to obtain for himself. (153)    Is hatred the only theme in the work? Hardly. Campbell categorizes Othello as a â€Å"study in jealousy†:    Othello has suffered less in its modern interpretation than any other of Shakespeare’s tragedies, it would seem. So insistently did Shakespeare keep this tragedy unified about the theme of jealousy and the central victims of the passion, so obviously did he mould his plot about the black Moor and the cunning Iago and the victims of their jealousy that no interpreter has been able to ignore the obvious intention of the author. Yet if we study the contemporary interpretations of the passion here portrayed, we find that Shakespeare was following in detail a broader and more significant analysis of the passion than has in modern days been understood. The play is, however, clearly a study in jealousy and in jealousy as it affects those of ... ...are: Four Tragedies. New York: Bantam Books, 1980.    Campbell, Lily B. Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes. New York: Barnes and Noble, Inc., 1970.    Ferguson, Francis. â€Å"Two Worldviews Echo Each Other.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from Shakespeare: The Pattern in His Carpet. N.p.: n.p., 1970.    Gardner, Helen. â€Å"Othello: A Tragedy of Beauty and Fortune.† Readings on The Tragedies. Ed. Clarice Swisher. San Diego: Greenhaven Press, 1996. Reprint from â€Å"The Noble Moor.† British Academy Lectures, no. 9, 1955.    Jorgensen, Paul A. William Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.